Mining

A rushing river in the Absaroka-Beartooth WIlderness, Montana. Along the river grow red clover, bluebells and daisies, like the immigrants knew from Norway.

Time to tell the story of early Norwegian immigrants in Montana

It is high time to tell the story of early Norwegian immigration to Montana. In his excellent book from 1958, Kenneth Bjork, West of the Great Divide. Norwegian Migration to the Pacific Coast, 1847-1893, wrote that important research themes such as the “movement of immigrants from region to region in the New World have been […]

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Sheep grazing along the Musselshell, 2019.

Early sheep industry in Montana. The big picture

Many people have written about the history of the Montana cattle industry. In comparison, historical research and writing on the sheep industry in Montana is scant. The stories of “the great sheep trails from California and Oregon have lain in deep obscurity,” wrote Edward N. Wentworth in 1941, while the trails from Texas “with its

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Map of southwestern counties in Montana, which shows county borders and rivers and towns in 1890. It is a cropped version of a larger map, that shows some sites mentioned in this article.

Gold discovery led to the establishment of Meagher County, Montana

Late in the fall of 1864 gold was discovered in a gulch on the west-facing slopes of the Big Belt Mountains. The small stream flowing through the gulch drained into Canyon Ferry Lake. The gold was discovered by four former Confederate soldiers who were traveling south from Fort Benton on the Missouri River. Their destination

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Construction of the mine with technology and facilitites for social and cultural life, a school and hospital, as well as housing, took place from 1865 at Vigsnes on the island of Karmøy, Rogaland County, western Norway.

From the Vigsnes Copper Mine to the copper mines in Montana

In the 1870s and into the 1880s the copper and pyrite mine at Vigsnæs in Avaldsnes on the west coast island of Karmøy was the largest mine in Norway. For more than a decade the newcomer, now known as Visnes or Vigsnes, on the North Sea surpassed the 300-year-old Royal silver mining establishment at Kongsberg

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